Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | S. B. Nicholson |
| Discovery date | July 30, 1938[1] |
| Mean orbit radius | 23.4 million km[2] |
| Eccentricity | 0.25[2] |
| Orbital period | 702.28 d (2.045 a)[2] |
| Average orbital speed | 2.253 km/s |
| Inclination | 164.91° (to the ecliptic) 167.53° (to Jupiter's equator)[2] |
| Satellite of | Jupiter |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mean radius | ~23 km[3] |
| Surface area | ~6600 km² |
| Volume | ~51,000 km³ |
| Mass | 1.3 × 1017 kg |
| Mean density | 2.6 g/cm³ (assumed)[3] |
| Equatorial surface gravity | ~0.017 m/s2 (0.0017 g) |
| Escape velocity | ~0.028 km/s |
| Albedo | 0.04 (assumed)[3] |
| Temperature | ~124 K |
| | |
Carme (pronounced /ˈkɑrmi/ KAR-mee, or as in Greek Κάρμη) is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938.[1] It is named after the mythological Carme, mother by Zeus of Britomartis, a Cretan goddess.
Carme did not receive its present name until 1975;[4] before then, it was simply known as Jupiter XI. It was sometimes called "Pan"[5] between 1955 and 1975. Note that Pan is now the name of a satellite of Saturn.
It gives its name to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Its orbital elements are as of January 2000.[2] They are continuously changing due to Solar and planetary perturbations.
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